Physics

Physics is the natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through space and time, along with related concepts such as energy and forces. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.

Physics can be broken down into several sub-disciplines. Studying Physics brings with it a detailed knowledge of these fields with a much more comprehensive understanding in one or two areas of research specialization.

Kinematics, Dynamics, and Relativity
This is one of the oldest branches of physics and has to do with how objects, and systems, evolve with time. The study of Dynamics relates how forces affect the motion of particles. Kinematics is the study of the motion of particles without the consideration of the sources. Relativity is the study of how the physics of a system translate between two different observers with different frames of reference.

Statistical Mechanics
Statistical Mechanics, also known as Thermodynamics, is the field of physics pertaining to the study of extremely large ensembles of particles. The study pertains to the studying the flow of certain quantities between smaller ensembles, called systems, and larger ones known as reservoirs. These quantities include work, energy, entropy, and particles, as well as corresponding free-energies.

Electricity and Magnetism
Electricity and Magnetism is the study of the electromagnetic force, it's force-carrier, the photon, and the interaction of this force with charged matter. E&M is useful in virtually every field of physics, and governs the movement of charged particles such as electrons and protons in the presence of electric and magnetic fields. It also describes the radiation of electromagnetic waves, or light, from the acceleration of charged particles.

Quantum Mechanics
Quantum Mechanics governs the realm of the very small. At extremely small distances the normal laws of physics fail to accurately predict behavior. The observed properties of the system also become discrete. Particles jump instantaneously from one integer value to the next. This extremely odd behavior of extremely small systems is often counter-intuitive and perplexing.

Particle Physics
Particle Physics is the study of the Strong and Weak Nuclear force and their interaction with particles. Particle physics is prided by the creation of the Standard Model, a theory that explains and organizes all particles that are known to exist and several particles that have only been theorized.

Astrophysics
Astrophysics is the study of celestial objects and often requires knowledge of many other areas of physics. Quantum Mechanics and E&M are necessary for describing stars. Classical Mechanics are often used to describe the motion of objects through the void, and Relativity is often needed to translate between the potentially high velocity frames that occur in space.

Other fields
This list is not comprehensive and many other sub-disciplines and sub-sub-disciplines to study increasingly specific problems and phenomenon.